Nicholas Hawksmoor’s dream of a new Oxford, though only partially realized between 1708 and 1736, remains one of the most striking examples of the architecture of knowledge from the early modern period. This was a time of erudite experimentation on paper and in stone. Academics and Hawksmoor as their chosen architect, alongside a range of other figures, envisaged a network of streets, paths, gates, and squares connecting newly designed colleges and libraries, as well as the university press. Complementing the feverish activity on the multiple construction sites, the study, collection, and dissemination of architecture was profoundly reshaped by a variety of types of knowledge and practical expertise. Building, thinking, and learning were more tightly intertwined in early eighteenth-century Oxford than ever before at a renowned university as it pivoted from medieval to modern. The graphic legacy of this intense activity remains with us in an abundance of drawings, prints, and treatises, many of which are published here for the first time.